​AARON ■​​

Called to be Moses' spokesman and helper
Made first high priest of Israel around 1440 BC; his sons and descendants also called to serve as high priests
Made a golden calf
Lived to 123 years old (Num. 20:24–29; 33:39)

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AARON II

אהרן – "Strength"

Missionary and Prince

≈ 92 BC

Family Tree / Son of Mosiah II / Brother of Ammon, Omner, and Himni

Tried to destroy the Church with brothers and Alma II before an angel appeared and they were converted (Mosiah 27)
Refused kingship to serve as a missionary among the Lamanites (Mosiah 27)
Taught and converted Lamanite king and his people (Alma 21–22)

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ABED-NEGO (AZARIAH)

עבד נגו – "Work of Light"

Noble or royal of Judah

≈ 605 BC

Israelite: Judahite / From Jerusalem / Taken to Babylon

Family Tree / Descendant of Royal Judahites

Friend of Daniel, Shadrach, and Meshach
Jewish name was Azariah
One of the young royals carried away to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. 1:3–4)
Refused the king's food and wine (Dan. 1:5–17)
Thrown with friends in fiery furnace for not worshiping idol (Dan. 3)

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ABEL

הבל – "Breath"

Son of Adam & Eve

≈ 3900 BC

Family Tree / Son of Adam & Eve (Gen. 4:2)

Shepherd
Offered firstling of flock to the Lord (Gen. 4:4)
Murdered by Cain (Gen. 4:8)

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ABIATHAR ■

אביתר – "Father of Plenty"

≈ 1010 – 970 BC

Family Tree / Son of Ahijah or Ahimelech / Descendant of Ithamar

Escaped Saul's wrath (1 Sam. 22:20)
Served as priest (possibly high priest) during David's reign; helped bring the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem (2 Sam. 15)
Called David's counselor (1 Chr. 27:33–34)
Supported Adonijah to be king after David (1 Kgs. 1:7); Solomon removed him from being a high priest and the office returned to descendants of Eleazar (1 Kgs. 2:27)

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+ ABIGAIL

אביגל – "My Father's Joy"

Wife of David

≈ 1005 BC

Israelite: Judahite? / From Carmel

Family Tree / Wife of Nabal and David / Mother of Chileab-Daniel

A "woman of good understanding, and of a beautiful countenance (1 Sam. 25:3) married to a "churlish" man Nabal
Husband refused to help David's army; a servant told her David was marching to battle against her husband; she took food and provisions, rode out to meet David, and asked him to spare her husband's life; David praised her and accepted her peace-making (1 Sam. 25:4–35)
When she told her husband, he died; David sent for her; she agreed to marry him (1 Sam. 25:36–42)
Kidnapped by Amalekites with Ahinoam and wives and children; David prayed with ephod to know what to do; rode hard and rescued everyone (1 Sam. 30)
With David when he was anointed king over Judah (2 Sam. 2:2)
Her son Chileab-Daniel is only mentioned in the genealogies, and may have died young

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ABIJAM (ABIJAH II, ABIA) †♦

אבים – "Father of the Sea"

Wikipedia / Jewish Encyclopedia-3

≈ b. 950 – d. 911 BC (reigned 913 – 911 BC)

Israelite: Judahite

Family Tree / Son of Rehoboam & Maachah III (1 Kgs. 14:31) / Husband of 14 wives / Father of Asa and 37 others (2 Chr. 13:21) / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:7)

Wicked king (1 Kgs. 15:3)
Went to war against Jeroboam in unsuccess attempt to reunite with the Northern Kingdom; Lord protected the Southern Kingdom (2 Chr. 13)

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ABIMELECH ♦

אבימלך – "My Father is King"

ABIMELECH II ♦

אבימלך – "My Father is King"

King of Gerar

≈ 1893 BC

Canaanite: Philistine / From Gerar

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-3

Desired to have Sarah to wife; warned by God in a dream that she was Abraham's wife; the Lord blessed his household (Gen. 20)
According to tradition, he built Jerusalem for Melchizedek

King of Israel/Shechem

≈ 1170 – 1167 BC

Israelite: Manassite

Family Tree / Son of Gideon

Killed his 70 brothers so he could be King of Israel; only Jotham escaped who cursed him (Judg. 9:5–21, 57)
Made king in Shechem (Judg. 9:6)
Nearly killed by a woman; asked armor-bearer to finish him off instead (Judg. 9:53–55)

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ABINADI Ω

אבינדי – "My Father is With You"

ABISHUA ■

אבישוע – "Father of Salvation"

≈ 150 – 148 BC

Israelite: Nephite

Called to preach repentance to King Noah II's people; imprisoned and eventually burned to death by Noah II (Mosiah 11–17)
Alma converted because of his teachings (Mosiah 17:2)

≈ 1320 BC

Wikipedia / Jewish Encyclopedia

Family Tree / Son of Phinehas (1 Chr. 6:4) / Father of Bukki

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ABNER

אבנר – "Father of Light"

Captain of Army

≈ 1020 BC

Israelite: Benjamite

Family Tree / Son of Ner / Cousin of Saul

Introduced David to Saul (1 Sam. 17:55–58)
Made Ish-bosheth king of Israel (2 Sam. 2:8–9)
Defeated by Joab; later killed by him (2 Sam. 3:27); David mourned for him

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ABRAHAM (ABRAM) †Ω

אברהם – "Father of Nations"

≈ 1992 – 1817 BC

Ancestor of Israelites / Born in Ur of Chaldees / Lived in Haran / Died in Hebron

Family Tree / Son of Terah / Brother of Haran and Nahor II / Husband of Sarah, Hagar, and Keturah / Father of Ishmael, Isaac, Midian, and others (Gen. 16:15–16; 21:2–3; 25:1–5) / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:1)

Birth name was Abram (Gen. 11:26)
Promised all nations of earth would be blessed through his descendants (Gen. 12:2–3)
Famine drove him to Egypt where Pharaoh desired Sarah (Gen. 12)
Rescued nephew Lot (Gen. 14)
Paid tithes to Melchizedek and received priesthood (Gen. 14:18–20; D&C 84:14)
Offered Isaac as a sacrifice (Gen. 22:1–19)

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ABSALOM ♦

אבשלם – "Father of Peace"

Prince and possibly King of Israel

≈ 998 BC

Israelite: Judahite / Born in Hebron / Lived in Jerusalem

Family Tree / Son of David & Maacah II (2 Sam. 3:3);

| Father of Tamar III and others | Grandfather of Abijam

Hated his older brother Amnon for raping his sister Tamar II; hated David for not punishing Amnon; killed Amnon (2 Sam. 13);
Conspired against David for the throne; fled to his maternal grandfather Talmai of Geshur
Killed by Joab; mourned by David (2 Sam. 15–18)

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ACHISH (AKISH) ♦

אכיש – "Angry"

King of Gath

≈ 1010 BC

Canaanite: Philistine / From Gath

Family Tree / Son of Maoch (1 Sam. 21:10)

David fled from Saul and sought refuge; feigned madness (1 Sam. 21:10–15)
David fled again and lived among Philistines for sixteen months with his wives and men; given Ziklag; Achish forced to send him away (1 Sam. 27, 29)

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ADAM (MICHAEL, ANCIENT OF DAYS) †Ω

אדם – "Man/Humanity"

Prophet and Patriarch

≈ 4000 – 3070 BC

Family Tree / Created by God (Gen. 1:26-28) / Husband of Eve / Father of Cain, Abel, and Seth / Ancestor of all mankind (Gen. 4) / Ancestor of Jesus

Lived with Eve in the Garden of Eden before the Fall; then lived in fallen world (Gen. 2-3)
Called righteous posterity together before his death (D&C 107:53–57)
Lived to 930 years old (Gen. 5:5)
Called the Ancient of Days or Michael (Dan. 7:9; 10:13; Rev. 12:7; D&C 27:11)
He will return to earth before the Second Coming to gather the human family (Dan. 7:9-14; D&C 29:26; 116)

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ADONIJAH

אדניה – "My Lord is Jehovah"

Prince of Israel

≈ 980 BC

Israelite: Judahite / Born in Hebron

Family Tree / Son of David & Haggith (2 Sam. 3:4)

Tried to take the throne during David's illness; eventually ceded the throne to Solomon (1 Kgs. 1)
Wanted to marry David's concubine Abishag; Solomon assumed that was a threat and had him killed (1 Kgs. 2:13–25)

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AGAG ♦

אגג – "Warlike"

King of Amalekites

≈ 1030 BC

Edomite: Amalekite

King of Achaemenid Empire

Saul spared him while killing rest of the people; Samuel reproved Saul and rejected him as king (1 Sam. 15:8)
Killed by Samuel (1 Sam. 15:33)

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AGRIPPA I and II ♦

Αγριππα – "Cultivated"

see Herod Agrippa I and II

AHAB †♦

אחאב – "Father's Brother"

King of Israel

≈ 874 – 853 BC

Israelite: Ephraimite / From Samaria

Family Tree / Son of Omri (1 Kgs. 16:29) / Husband of Jezebel and others / Father of Ahaziah, Jehoram, and Athaliah / Ancestor of Jesus

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-1 / Guide to Scriptures

Reigned over the Northern Kingdom for twenty-two years; did evil "above all that were before him" (1 Kgs. 16:29–30)
Married the Sidonian-Phoenician princess Jezebel and worshipped her gods of Baal & Ashtoreth (1 Kgs. 16:31–32)
Elijah showed God's power against his 450 priests of Baal (1 Kgs. 18)
Hadadezer of Syria besieged Samaria; Ahab defeated him and freed him against the will of the Lord; called him his brother (1 Kgs. 20)
During the Battle of QarQar against Shalmaneser III of Assyria, allied with 10 other kings, including Hadadezer (mentioned in extra-biblical archeology)
Killed in a battle after he and Jehoshaphat of Judah tried to recapture Ramoth-Gilead from Hadadezer (2 Chr. 18)

Archeology: The Mesha Stele describes how Mesha of Moab's god Chemosh helped him throw off the yoke of bondage to the Kingdom of Israel and the "House of Omri"; mention's Omri's son and contains one of the earliest extrabiblical references to the Israelite God Jehovah/Yahweh; The Kurkh Shalmaneser III Monolith describes the Battle of Qarqar and mentions Ahab sent 2,000 chariots and 10,000 soldiers

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AHASUERUS ♦

אחשורוש – "Ruler Among Kings"

≈ 400 BC

Persian / From Shushan

Family Tree / Husband of Vashti and Esther

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-3

Banished his first wife Vashti when she refused to appear at his banquet (Esther 1); looked for new wife
Chose Esther to be new queen without realizing she was a Jew
Tricked by Haman to put all Jews to death; Esther convinced him not to
Made Mordecai second in command
Often identified as Xerxes I or Artaxerxes I or II

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AHAZ (ACHAZ) †♦

אחז – "Possessor"

≈ b. 752 – d. 716 BC (reigned 732 – 716 BC)

Family Tree / Son of Jotham II (2 Kgs. 16:1) / Husband of Abijah III / Father of Hezekiah / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:9)

Wicked king who offered his son in pagan sacrifice (2 Kgs. 16:3)
Made an alliance with Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria to fight off Syria and the Northern Kingdom; paid tribute with temple treasures; changed temple worship (2 Kgs. 16)
Isaiah prophesied against him and Samaria (Isa. 7)

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AHAZIAH ♦

אחזיה – "The Lord Holds"

AHAZIAH II (JEHOAHAZ I) † ♦

אחזיה – "The Lord Holds"

King of Israel

≈ 853 – 852 BC

Israelite: Ephraimite

Family Tree / Son of Ahab & Jezebel / Brother of Jehoram and

Athaliah (1 Kgs. 22:40)

Joined with Jehoshaphat of Judah to build a feet of trading ships (2 Chr. 20:35–37)
Moab rebelled against him (2 Kgs. 3:5–7); see Mesha stele
Fell from a roof and consulted Baal-zebub, god of Ekron, about his recovery; Elijah prophesied he would not recover; he died (1 Kgs. 22:51)

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-2

≈ b. 863 – 841 BC (reigned 842 – 841 BC)

Israelite: Judahite / Born in Jerusalem / Died in Megiddo

Family Tree / Son of Jehoram II & Athaliah (2 Kgs. 8:25–29; 2 Chr. 21:17) / Husband of Zibiah / Father of Jehoash of Judah / Ancestor of Jesus

Wicked king who introduced pagan worship in Judea he learned from his mother
Aligned with his uncle Jehoram of Israel against Hazael the Aramean (2 Kgs. 8:28–29)
Jehu II, general of Jehoram I, plotted to take over Northern Kingdom; both Ahaziah II and his uncle Jehoram were killed (2 Kgs. 9:27)

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AHIAH (AHIJAH) ■

אחיה – "Brother of Jehovah"

AHIJAH II Ω

אחיה – "Brother of Jehovah"

≈ 1020 BC

Family Tree / Son of Ahitub / Descendant of Ithamar

The Lord's priest in Nob and Shiloh (1 Sam. 14:3)
Saul asked him to bring the ark of God during war with Philistines (1 Sam. 14:18–19, 36)

≈ 970 – 946 BC

Israelite: Levite / From Shiloh

Prophesied to Jeroboam the separation of the northern and southern tribes because of wickedness (1 Kgs. 11:29–39)
Prophesied to Jeroboam's wife the death of their child Abijah II and the downfall of the House of Jeroboam (1 Kgs. 14)

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AHIMAAZ ■

אחימעץ – "Brother of Anger"

≈ 970 BC

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-2

Family Tree / Son of Zadok / Husband of Basemath / Son-in-law of Solomon

Messenger for David; a swift runner
Remained loyal to David during Absalom's rebellion along with Jonathan ben Abiathar, but couldn't deliver the news of Absalom's death (2 Sam. 17–18)
Became high priest under Solomon's reign (1 Chr. 6:8)

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AHIMELECH ■

אחימלך – "My Brother is King"

≈ 1012 BC

Family Tree / Son of Ahitub / Descendant of Ithamar / Father of Abiathar

Priest at Nob
Gave David and his companions five loaves of holy shewbread when they fled from Saul (1 Sam. 21:1–6); story referenced by Jesus (Luke 6:3–5)
Saul ordered his death with eighty-five other priests for helping David (1 Sam. 22:9)

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AHITUB ■

אחיטוב – "My Brother is Goodness"

≈ 1040 BC

Wikipedia / Jewish Encyclopedia-1

Family Tree / Son of Phinehas II / Grandson of Eli / Descendant of Ithamar / Father of Ahiah and Ahimelech (1 Sam. 14:3)

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AKISH ♦

see Achish

ALCIMUS ■

אליקום / Ἄλκιμος – "God Will Rise"

≈ 162 – 159 BC

Wikipedia / Jewish Encyclopedia

Hellenizer who favored the Seleucids and opposed the Maccabees (1 Macc. 7:4)
Traveled to Antioch to secure appointment as high priest from Demetrius I Soter
Ordered the execution of 60 Jews/Hasideans
His last act was to remove the wall of the Temple dividing the Gentiles and Jews

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ALEXANDER THE GREAT ♦

Αλεξανδρος – "Defender of Mankind"

King of Macedonia

≈ b. 356 – d. 323 BC (reigned 336 – 323 BC)

Greek: Macedonian / Born in Pella / Died in Babylon

Family Tree / Son of Philip II of Macedonia & Olympias / Husband of Roxana, Stateira, and Parysatis II / Father of Alexander IV and Heracles

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-6

Ruled over a wide empire; considered one of history's greatest military commanders (1 Macc. 1)
According to Josephus, the high priest Jaddua visited him in a dream and showed him Jerusalem; Jaddua assured him victory over the Persians
He conquered Jerusalem and Judea in 332 BC but honored the city and its practices, allowing Jews to retain their customs, even offering a sacrifice to Jehovah at the Temple according to Jaddua's direction
Daniel prophesied of his empire (Dan. 8:20–22; 11:4)
His death marked the beginning of the Hellenistic period

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ALMA THE ELDER Ω

אלמע – "Youth"

ALMA II THE YOUNGER Ω○

אלמע – "Youth"

Prophet and High Priest

≈ 148 – 91 BC

Family Tree / Descendant of Nephi (Mosiah 17:2) / Father of Alma II

Wicked priest of Noah II; converted by Abinadi's teachings (Mosiah 17)
Baptized a group of believers at the Waters of Mormon (Mosiah 18)
Served as high priest and established a church (Mosiah 23:16)
Persecuted by Amulon and Lamanites; escaped to Zarahemla to reunite with Mosiah II's people (Mosiah 23–24); organized the church for all the Nephites

Prophet, High Priest, and First Chief Judge

≈ 95 – 73 BC

Family Tree / Son of Alma the Elder / Father of Helaman II, Shiblon, and Corianton

Tried to destroy the church with the four sons of Mosiah II; an angel appeared and they were converted (Mosiah 27)
Devoted his life to sharing the gospel
Gave up his position as chief judge to preach the gospel full time (Alma 4:11–20)
Consecrated as high priest (Alma 4:4)
Preached with Amulek in Ammonihah; cast into prison and freed (Alma 9–14)
Healed and baptized Zeezrom and many others (Alma 15)
Testified to Korihor and the Zoramites (Alma 30–35)
Taught his sons (Alma 36–42)
Possibly translated like Moses (Alma 45:19)

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AMALEKI

עמלקי – "One Who Wrings"

AMALEKITES

עמלק – "One Who Wrings"

Record Keeper

≈ 270 BC

Family Tree / Son of Abinadom (Omni 1:12)

Wrote of Mosiah I and Benjamin II's reign
Had no children; gave records to Benjamin

Tribe in the Negev/Sinai

≈ 1500 BC

Edomite: Amalekite

Family Tree / Descendants of Amalek and Esau / Famous people include Agag

Lived in the desert of Negev and the Sinai Peninsula
Often at war with Israelites (Ex. 17:8; 1 Sam. 14:48–15:33)
Balaam son of Beor prophesied against them (Num. 24:20–24)

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AMAZIAH †♦

אמציה – "Strength of Jehovah"

≈ b. 822 – d. 767 BC (reigned 796 – 767 BC)

Family Tree / Son of Jehoash & Jehoaddan (2 Kgs. 12:21) / Husband of Jecoliah / Father of Uzziah / Ancestor of Jesus

Executed his father's murderers (2 Kgs. 14:5)
Conquered the Edomites (2 Chr. 25)
Worshipped false gods
Defeated by Jehoash II of Israel and the Northern Kingdom who looted the Temple
Killed by assassins (2 Chr. 25)

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AMEL-MARDUK (EVIL-MERODACH) ♦

אויל מרדך / 𒁹𒇽𒀭𒀫𒌓 – "Man of Marduk"

King of Babylon

≈ 562 – 560 BC

Babylonian / From Babylon

Family Tree / Son of Nebuchadnezzar II

Showed favor to Jeconiah; removed him from prison in Babylon after 37 years (2 Kgs. 25:27)
Murdered by his brother-in-law Neriglissar who took over the throne

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AMMARON Ω

"Bitter"

≈ 300 AD

Family Tree / Son of Amos II / Brother of Amos III / Descendant of Nephi

Index to the Triple

Hid gold plates and all records (4 Nephi 1:48); told Mormon how to retrieve them (Mormon 1:2–4)

AMMON

עמון – "Hidden One"

see Ben-Ammi

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AMMON II

עמון – "Hidden One"

Freed Limhi's people

≈ 121 BC

Israelite: Judahite: Mulekite

Family Tree / Descendant of Zarahemla

Sent on expedition by Mosiah II to find the group of Nephites who had gone south (Mosiah 7:1-16)
Imprisoned by Limhi; explained who they were (Mosiah 8)
Helped free Limhi's people from the Lamanites (Mosiah 22)

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AMMON III

עמון – "Hidden One"

AMMONITES

עמון – "Hidden Ones"

Missionary and Prince

≈ 91 – 77 BC

Family Tree / Son of Mosiah II; brother of Aaron II, Omner, and Himni

Tried to destroy the Church; angel appeared; he was converted (Mosiah 27)
Refused kingship to be a missionary to the Lamanites in the Land of Nephi (Mosiah 28:10)
Captured; taken to Lamoni; asked to be his servant; saved the king's flocks (Alma 17:20–39)
Taught Lamoni and his household the gospel (Alma 17–19); was offered one of Lamoni's daughters or to rule the kingdom, but refused;
Went with Lamoni to save brothers in Middoni; met with Lamoni's father who was hostile; helped secure release of Ammon II's brothers (Alma 20)
Led his people to Zarahemla; high priest over them (Alma 30:20)
Went on mission with Alma II to the Zoramites

Tribe from east of Jordan River

≈ 1700 BC

Ammonite

Family Tree / Descendants of Ben-Ammi& and Lot (Gen. 19:38) / Famous people include Nahash

Wikipedia / Jewish Encyclopedia-1

Dwelt east of the Jordan River
Worshipped Molech
Often warred against the Israelites

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AMNON

אמנון – "Faithful"

Prince of Israel

≈ 1010 BC

Israelite: Judahite / Born in Hebron

Family Tree / Eldest son of David & Ahinoam; (2 Sam. 3:2)

Desired and raped his half-sister Tamar II; hated her afterward; David didn't punish him; Absalom his brother murdered him (2 Sam. 13)

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AMON †♦

אמון – "Workman"

≈ b. 664 – d. 641 BC (reigned 642 – 641 BC)

Wikipedia / Jewish Encyclopedia

Family Tree / Son of Manasseh II & Meshullemeth / Husband of Jedidah / Father of Josiah / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:10)

Wicked king who worshiped pagan idols (2 Kgs. 21:18–22)
Assassinated by his servants (2 Kgs. 21:23)

AMOS Ω

עמוס – "To Carry" or "Burden"

≈ 760 – 755 BC

Israelite: Judahite? / From Tekoa

Shepherd
Prophesied during Uzziah and Jeroboam II of Israel's reigns; warned Israel to repent (Amos)

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AMRAM

עמרם – "Exalted people"

Patriarch

≈ 1650 – 1513 BC

Israelite: Levite / From Egypt (probably Goshen)

Family Tree / Son of Kohath / Grandson of Levi (Ex 2:1) / Husband of Jochebed / Father of Miriam, Aaron, and Moses

Lived to 137 years old (Ex. 6:20)

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AMULEK

עמלך –"My King"

Missionary

≈ 82 – 74 BC

Family Tree / Son of Giddonah / Descendant of Nephi (Alma 10:2–3)

Visited by an angel (Alma 8:20)
Welcomed Alma II and became a mission companion to him, preaching and testifying (Alma 8–11)
Imprisoned with Alma II; saved by faith (Alma 14)

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ANANIAS

חנניה / Ανανιας – "Gift of the Lord"

ANANIAS BEN NEDEBEUS ■

חנניה / Ανανιας – "Gift of the Lord"

Disciple

≈ 34 AD

Israelite: Jewish / From Damascus

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-2 / Guide to Scriptures

Had vision to seek out Paul; healed and baptized him (Acts 9)

≈ 47 – 52 AD

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-3

Family Tree / Son of Nedebeus / Brother of Hezekiah III / Father of Eliezar ben Hanania

Appointed high priest by Herod V of Chalcis; served from 47 to 59 AD
Known for his liberal use of violence and pro-Roman position; hated by Jewish nationalists
Paul described him as a "whitewashed wall" (Acts 23:3)
Presided at the trial of Paul in Jerusalem and Caesarea: accused him before Felix (Acts 23:2–5)
Was initially supported by Herod Agrippa II but was later removed from office by him
Killed during 1st Jewish-Roman war by Jewish nationalists

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ANDREW Ω

אנדראוס / Ανδρεας – "Strong"

Apostle

≈ 30 – 60 AD

Israelite: Jewish / From Bethsaida (John 1:44)

Family Tree / Son of Jona / Brother of Peter

Fisherman
Originally a disciple of John the Baptist; introduced Peter to Jesus (John 1:40)
Called to be a "fisher of men" (Matt. 4:18)
Ordained as one of the original 12 apostles (Mark 3:14–19)
Tradition states he was crucified in Patras, Greece around 60 AD

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ANGELS

מלאכים – "Messenger"

Heavenly Beings

Famous angels include Gabriel, Moroni, and Elijah

Messengers of the Lord
Jacob saw angels ascending and descending a ladder (Gen. 28:12)
An angel helped Elijah (1 Kgs. 19:5–7)
Daniel saw the angel Gabriel in vision (Dan. 8)
Gabriel appeared to Mary; an angel (possibly Gabriel) appeared at least three times to Joseph III (Matt. 1–2; Luke 1–2)
Michael is called an archangel (D&C 107:54)

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+ ANNA (HANNAH) Ω

ענה – "Grace"

Prophetess

≈ 1 BC

Israelite: Asherite

Family Tree / Daughter of Phanuel

Called a prophetess (Luke 2:36)
Lived with husband 7 years before she was a widow for 84 years
Departed not from serving the Lord in the Temple with fasting and prayers
Saw Jesus at the Temple as an infant and "spake of him to all that looked for redemption in Jerusalem" (Luke 2:36–38)

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ANNAS (ANANUS, ANANIAS) ■

חנן / Αννας – "Grace"

≈ 6–15 AD

Family Tree / Son of Seth / Father of several high priests: Eleazar III, Caiaphas (FIL), Jonathan II, Theophilus, Matthias II, and Ananus II

Israelite: Lamanite: Anti-Nephi-Lehite

Appointed high priest by Quirinus in 6 AD; later deposed by Valerius Gratus in 15 AD, although he continued to influence the office through his sons and son-in-law (Luke 3:2); Acts 4:6 referred to him as high priest several years later
Oversaw the trial of Jesus before crucifixion along with Caiaphas (John 18:13)
Peter and John stood trial before him and his kindred (Acts 4:6)

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ANTI-NEPHI-LEHIES (PEOPLE OF AMMON)

"Those of Nephi and Lehi"

Tribe/group of Lamanite converts

≈ 80 BC

Family Tree / Descendants of Lamanites and Ishmael II (Alma 17:21) / Famous people include Helaman's 2,000 stripling warriors, and Lamoni and family

Thousands converted by the sons of Mosiah II (Alma 21:23)
Changed name from Lamanite to Anti-Nephi-Lehies (Alma 23:16–17)
Called the People of Ammon (Alma 27:26)
Would rather die than take up weapons (Alma 43:11)
Sons helped defeat Lamanites without loss of life (Alma 56)

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ANTIOCHUS IV EPIPHANES (MITHRIDATES) ♦

Ἀντίοχος Ἐπιφανής – "Unwavering"

King of Seleucids/Syria

≈ b. 215 – d. 164 BC (reigned 175 – 164 BC)

Seleucid / From Antioch

Family Tree / Son of Antiochus III the Great / Brother of Seleucus IV Philopator

Deposed Jason as high priest and replaced him with Menelaus who had bribed him and wasn't a Levite
Considered a cruel tyrant; ordered the murder and enslavement of many Jews, 40,000 killed and 40,000 captured (2 Macc. 5:11–14)
Made Jerusalem a Greek colony that worshipped Zeus
Abolished Jewish worship, sabbaths, and festivals; plundered the Temple, offered swine on the altar, put out the lamp that burned continually, and forced the high priest to eat swine; forced Jews to offer sacrifices to pagan idols; many consider this the Abomination of Desolation prophesied by Daniel
His persecution led to Maccabean revolt which gave Jews control of their government for 100 years (1 Macc. 1:11)

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ANTIPAS ♦

Αντιπας – "Against the Father"

see Herod Antipas

ANTONIUS FELIX ○

see Felix Antonius

APOSTLES Ω

απόστολος – "One Sent Forth"

Special Witness of Christ

≈ 30 – Present

Israelite

The original were Peter, James, John, Andrew, Matthew, Philip II, Bartholomew, Thomas, James II, Thaddeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-8

Jesus ordained them with power to preach, heal sicknesses, and cast out unclean spirits (Matt. 10:1–4)
Jesus ordained 12 Nephites to the same office including Nephi III
in 1835, 12 men were ordained in the modern church

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APRIES (HOPHRA) ♦

"Jubilant is the Heart"

Pharaoh of Egypt

≈ 589 – 570 BC

Egyptian / From Egypt

Family Tree / Son of Psamtik II & Takhuit

Marched to assist Zedekiah against Nebuchadnezzar II but withdrew quickly (Jer. 34:21; 37:5–11)

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ARCHELAUS ♦

see Herod Archelaus

ARISTOBULUS MINOR

Αριστοβουλος – "Best Counselor"

Prince of Judea

≈ 40 AD

Herodian

Family Tree / Son of Aristobulus IV & Berenice

Possibly the "Aristobulus" greeted by Paul (Rom. 16:10)

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ARTAXERXES I LONGIMANUS ♦

ארתחששתא / 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂 – "Whose Reign is Truth"

ARTAXERXES II (AHASUERUS?) ♦

ארתחששתא / 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂 – "Whose Reign is Truth"

King of Achaemenid Empire

≈ 465 – 424 BC

Persian / From Susa-Shushan

Family Tree / Son of Xerxes I & Amestris / Possibly husband of Esther (see Ahasuerus) / Father of Xerxes II, Darius II, and others

Stopped the Jews from rebuilding Jerusalem and the Temple (Ezra 4:7–23)
Gave Ezra an edict to restore the Temple, help exiles return to Jerusalem, and to appoint government leaders (Ezra 7–10)
Appointed Nehemiah to be governor of Judea and rebuild Jerusalem (Neh. 1)

King of Persia

≈ b. 436 – d. 359 (reigned 405 – 359 BC)

Persian

Family Tree / Son of Darius II & Parysatis / Husband of Stateira & Esther? (see Ahasuerus) / Father of Artaxerxes III

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ASA †♦

אסא – "Healer"

≈ 911 – 870 BC

אסנת – "She Who Belongs to Neith"

Family Tree / Son of Abijam / Father of Jehoshaphat / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:7)

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-1 / Guide to Scriptures

Righteous king (1 Kgs. 15:8)
Under the direction of the prophet Azariah II, rebuilt cities and removed pagan idols (2 Chr. 14–15); removed the queen-mother Maachah V (1 Kgs. 15:13)
Warred with Baasha of Israel "all their days"; made alliance with Ben-Hadad of Syria against Baasha of Israel; paid him with silver and gold from the Temple treasury; Hanani the prophet rebuked him for relying on Syria instead of God; he put Hanani in prison (1 Kgs. 15:32; 2 Chr. 16:1–10)
Diseased in the feet; sought physicians, not the Lord for relief (2 Chr. 16:12)

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ASAPH

אסף – "Collector"

+ ASENATH

Temple Musician

≈ 1000 BC

Israelite: Levite: Gershonite (1 Chr. 6:39-43)

Family Tree / Son of Berechiah / Father of four sons (1 Chr. 25:2)

Genealogy listed (1 Chr. 6:39–43)
One of David's main musicians and leader of choir along with Heman and Ethan (1 Chr. 6:9)
Played music and sang when the ark of the covenant was brought to Jerusalem (1 Chr. 15:17–19)
His descendants continued to worship God through music in the Temple (2 Chr. 29:13-14; 35:15)
Sang music when the ark was placed in the Holy of Holies of the temple; the glory of the Lord filled the temple (2 Chr. 5:12, 14)
Called a seer (2 Chr. 29:30)
Authored Psalms 50 and 73-83

Matriarch

≈ 1710 BC

Egyptian / From Egypt

Family Tree / Daughter of Poti-pherah (Gen. 41:45) / Wife of Joseph / Mother of Manasseh and Ephraim

Married Joseph and bore Manasseh & Ephraim; no other mention of her exists in the bible; the apocryphal book "Joseph and Asenath" claims she converted to the God of Abraham, but this cannot be confirmed

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ASHER

אשרי – "Happy"

ASHERITES (TRIBE OF ASHER)

אשרי – "Happy"

Patriarch

≈ 1743 BC

Israelite: Asherite / Born in Haran / Lived in Canaan / Died in Egypt

Family Tree / Son of Jacob & Zilpah (Gen. 30:13) / Father of Jimnah, Ishuah, Isui, Beriah, and Serah / Ancestor of Asherites

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures / Jewish Encyclopedia

One of the Twelve Tribes

≈ 1600 BC – Present

Israelite: Asherite / Territory was located north on the Mediterranean Sea and at one point included Tyre & Sidon (see map)

Family Tree / Descendants of Asher / Famous people include Anna and possibly Jonah

Blessed by Jacob that "his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties" (Gen. 49:20) and by Moses that he "be acceptable to his brethren, and let him dip his foot in oil. Thy shoes shall be iron and brass; and as thy days, so shall thy strength be" (Deu. 33:24–25)
Helped Gideon defeat the Midianites (Judg. 6:35–8:21)
Joined the Northern Kingdom of Israel
Some worshipped at Hezekiah's Passover (2 Chr. 30:10–18)
Majority carried away captive by Assyrians in 722 BC; one of the "Lost 10 tribes" (2 Kgs. 17)

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ASHURBANIPAL (ASNAPPAR) ♦

𒀸𒋩𒆕𒀀 – "Ashur is Creator of the Heir"

King of Assyria

≈ b. 685 – 631 BC (reigned 669 – 631 BC)

Assyrian / From Nineveh

Family Tree / Son of Esarhaddon & Esharra-hammat

Tribe/group from Mesopotamia

Collected tribute from Manasseh II of Judah which assisted his campaign against Egypt; continued fighting against Pharaoh Taharqa and installed Necho I as vassal ruler
Considered the last great king of Assyria but also one of the most brutal
Constructed the Library of Ashurbanipal
Conquered No/Thebes around 664 BC (Nahum 3:8)

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ASSYRIANS

אשור / 𒆳𒋾𒅗𒀀𒀀 – "People of Assur"

≈ 2200 – 609 BC

Assyrian / From Assyria

Family Tree / Descendants of Ashur / Famous people include Ashurbanipal, Esarhaddon, Sennacherib, Tiglath-Pileser III, Shalmaneser V, and Sargon II

Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures / Bible Maps

Ancient empire that was often at war with neighboring Babylon; known for its brutality
Ruled much of the Levant through Old Testament times
Jonah preached repentance and was angered when the people actually changed (Jonah)
Isaiah warned Israelites that the Assyrians were the "rod of God's anger"
Conquered the Northern Kingdom in 721 BC; attacked the Southern Kingdom soon after; forced resettlement in Samaria, creating the Samaritan tribe
The Fall of Nineveh in 612 BC and the defeat of Ashur-ubalit II in 609 BC marked the end of the empire

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+ ATHALIAH †♦

עתליה – "God is Exalted"

Queen of Judah

≈ 841 – 835 BC

Israelite: Ephraimite / Born in Samaria / Died in Jerusalem

Family Tree / Daughter of Ahab & Jezebel (2 Kgs. 8:18, 26) / Wife of Jehoram II of Judah / Mother of Ahaziah II of Judah / Ancestor of Jesus

Daughter of Ahab of Israel who married Jehoram II of Judah for a political alliance
Introduced Baal worship to Judah and the Temple (2 Chr. 24:7)
Her husband killed his brothers to solidify his position as king (2 Chr. 21:4); he died after 8 years and their son, Ahaziah II, reigned; when he also died, she killed the rest of the royal heirs to become queen; only one survived, the infant Jehoash of Judah who was saved and hidden in the Temple by Jehosheba and her husband Jehoiada the high priest (2 Kgs. 11:1–3)
Reigned in wickedness for six years; the only woman to reign as queen in the United Kingdom or Kingdom of Judah
Jehoiada crowned and anointed seven-year-old Jehoash in the temple before all the people; she rushed to stop the rebellion but was forced out of the temple and killed; the people tore down her idols (2 Kgs. 11:4–16; 2 Chr. 23:1–20)

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AUGUSTUS CAESAR (OCTAVIAN) ♦

Αυγουστος – "Majestic"

Emperor of Rome

≈ b. 63 BC – d. 14 AD (reigned 27 BC – 14 AD)

Roman / From Rome

Family Tree / Son of Gaius Octavius & adopted son of Julius Caesar / Adopted father of Tiberius