SADDUCEES ○
צדוקים (Zadokim) / Σαδδουκαιος– "Righteous Ones"
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Controlled the Temple; collected taxes
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Held significant power on the Sanhedrin
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Denied the resurrection but still asked Jesus about it (Mark 12:18)
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Matt. 3:7
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+ SALOME II
שלומית / Σαλωμη – " Peace"
+ SALOME III
שלומית / Σαλωμη – " Peace"
≈ 30 AD
Israelite: Levite? / From Galilee
Family Tree / Wife of Zebedee / Mother of James & John
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Ministered to Jesus, was at the cross, and anointed His body for burial (Mark 15:40-41)
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Angel appeared and told her and other women that Christ was risen
Princess of Judea
≈ 30 AD
Herodian
Family Tree / Daughter of Herod II & Herodias / Step-daughter of Herod Antipas / Wife of Philip I
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Danced at the request of her mother for step-father; she requested head of John the Baptist (Matt. 14:3–11)
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SAM
שם – "Heard"
Nephite
≈ 606 BC
Israelite: Manassite: Nephite / From Jerusalem
Family Tree / Third son of Lehi & Sariah (1 Ne. 2:5)
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Believed the words of Nephi and Lehi; a righteous follower of the Lord (1 Ne. 2:17)
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Blessed by Lehi (2 Ne 4:11)
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Wikipedia / Guide to Scriptures
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SAMARITANS
שומרונים – "Guardians"
Group/tribe from Samaria
Descendants of a mix of Northern Tribes of Israel (primarily Ephraim & Manasseh) and other Mesopotamians / Famous people include the woman at the well and Herod Archelaus and Herod Antipas who were half-Samaritan
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After the majority of the 10 tribes were carried away captive, Shalmaneser V brought in people from Mesopotamia; they intermarried and became the Samaritans; they kept many of the same Jewish beliefs, but Jews rejected them and went out of their way to avoid them (2 Kgs. 17:24–41)
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Weren't allowed to worship at the Temple in Jerusalem, so they built their own temple on Mt Gerizim around the 5th century BC; John Hyrcanus later destroyed it in 110 BC
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Jesus spent time in Samaria and spoke to woman at well; many believed Him (John 4:1–43); they later rejected Him (Luke 9:52)
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Jesus used them in teachings, see the parable of Good Samaritan (Luke 10:33)
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Of the 10 lepers Jesus healed, only the Samaritan returned to give thanks (Luke 17:16)
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Philip III preached and converted many (Acts 8)
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There are 800-900 living today; most live in Israel on Mt. Gerizim; their religion today is similar to Judaism
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SAMSON ○
שמשון – "Of the Sun"
≈ 1060 BC
Israelite: Danite / Born in Zorah
Family Tree / Son of Manoah and unnamed mother / Husband of Philistine wife
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Judged Israel for 20 years (Judg. 15:20)
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Mother was unable to conceive; then she was promised a son who would deliver Israel
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Slew a lion with his bare hands
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Married a Philistine; told the people a riddle; his wife begged the answer from him and told the others; he slew 30 men; she was given to another; he burned their village; they burned her and her father (Judg. 14–15)
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He killed many Philistines in Lehi (Judg. 15)
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Slept with a harlot at Gaza; escaped with the doors of the gate of the city
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Loved Delilah from the valley of Sorek; Philistines convinced her to find out where he got his strength; when he finally told her it was from his uncut hair, she had it shaved in his sleep; Philistines bound him and gouged out his eyes; once his hair grew, he regained his strength; pulled down two pillars and killed 3,000 people with himself (Judg. 16)
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SAMUEL Ω ○
שמואל – "Heard of God"
Judge & Prophet
Israelite: Levite: Korahite (1 Chr. 6:22. 28) / From Ramah
Family Tree / Son of Elkanah & Hannah / Descendant of Korah II / Father of Joel & Abiah
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Mother was barren; prayed at the Tabernacle in Shiloh for a son who she promised to give to the Lord; Eli blessed her, and Samuel was born (1 Sam 1)
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Once weaned, he lived with Eli at the Tabernacle and ministered to the Lord
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While still a child, heard the voice of the Lord calling to him in the night; told that Eli's family would no longer run the priesthood because of wickedness (1 Sam. 3)
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All Israel knew he was a prophet (1 Sam. 3:19–21)
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Asked Israel to stop worshipping Baalim and Ashtaroth (1 Sam. 7)
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His sons were wicked judges of Israel; the people asked for a king; the Lord agreed to give them a king (1 Sam. 8); Samuel anointed Saul to be Israel's first king (1 Sam. 9–10)
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When Saul offered a sacrifice without the priesthood, Samuel and the Lord reproved him; told him he would be removed as king (1 Sam. 13, 15)
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Went to Bethlehem; chose David out of Jesse's eight sons to become the next king (1 Sam. 16)
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Died at Ramah (1 Sam. 25:1)
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SAMUEL THE LAMANITE Ω
שמואל – "Heard of God"
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Prophesied to the Nephites; called them to repentance
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Prophesied of the coming of Jesus Christ, including signs of His birth and death; some believe and were baptized; some tried to shoot him with arrows; he jumped from the wall and fled (Hel. 13–16)
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Jesus chided the Nephites for not writing Samuel's words; commanded them to write his words (3 Ne. 23:9–13)
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SANHEDRIN (CHIEF RULERS) ○
סנהדרין / Συνέδριον – "Assembly"
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The central government in Jerusalem was made up of the High Priest plus 70 elders; local governments had 23 elders
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Included the High Priest, Chief Priests, Pharisees, Sadducees, Scribes, & others
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Met in the Temple every day except holy days
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Acts 5:34
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+ SARAH (SARAI) †
שרה – "Princess"
Mesopotamian / From Ur of Chaldees
Born in Ur of Chaldees / Lived in Haran / Died in Hebron
Family Tree / Probably the daughter of Haran (Iscah?) / Granddaughter or daughter of Terah / Wife of Abraham / Mother of Isaac / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:2)
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Barren for many years (Gen. 11:29)
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Pharaoh desired her because of her beauty (Gen. 12:11–20)
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Visited by holy men who prophesy of Isaac's birth (Gen. 18)
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Sent Hagar and Ishmael away (Gen. 21:9–21)
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Lived to 127 years old (Gen. 23:1–2)
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SARGON II ♦
סרגון / 𒈗𒁺 – "Faithful King"
King of Assyria (Neo-Assyrian Empire)
≈ b.770 – d.705 BC (reigned 722 – 705 BC)
Assyrian / From Dur-Sharrukin
Family Tree / Son of Tiglath-Pileser III? / Husband of Ra'ima & Atalia / Father of Sennacherib and others
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Possibly killed Shalmaneser V to become king
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Solidified Assyrian control of the Levant; claimed to have resettled 27,000 Israelites in Assyria; renamed Samaria to Samerina
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary
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+ SARIAH
שריה – "Princess of Jehovah"
Matriarch
≈ 606 BC
Israelite: Nephite / From Jerusalem
Family Tree / Wife of Lehi /
Mother of Laman, Lemuel, Sam, Nephi, Jacob II, Joseph II, and daughters
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Left Jerusalem with her family (1 Ne. 2:5); gave birth to Jacob II and Joseph II in the wilderness (1 Ne. 18:7)
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Murmured about her sons having to go back to Jerusalem (1 Ne. 5:1–7)
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SATAN
שטן – "Adversary"
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Wanted all glory for himself in the premoral council; rebelled against God (Moses 4)
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An enemy of God and His children
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Seeks that all men might be miserable like unto himself
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SAUL ♦
שאול – "Asked For"
Israelite: Benjaminite / From Gibeah
Family Tree / Son of Kish (1 Sam. 9:1) / Father of Jonathan, Michal, & Ish-bosheth & others
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Tall (1 Sam. 9:2)
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Israelites wanted a king; Samuel anointed to Saul to become king (1 Sam. 9;16, 10:1)
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Rescued the Israelites in Jabesh-Gilead from the Ammonites (1 Sam. 11)
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Offered a sacrifice without the priesthood; reproved by Samuel and told the kingship would be taken from him (1 Sam. 13, 15)
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An evil spirit overtook him; sought a musician to ease his nerves; David played the harp for him (1 Sam. 16:14–23)
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Goliath the Giant wanted to fight; Saul and the Israelites refused; David offered; Saul gave him his armor, but David refused and defeated Goliath and brought Saul Goliath's head (1 Sam. 17)
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Gave David his daughter Michal to wife
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Saul made David a leader over the army; became jealous of David's success and tried to kill him many times; hunted him through the deserts; David spared his life twice (1 Sam. 18–26)
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Asked the Witch of Endor for a prophecy; she told him of his and his sons' upcoming deaths and defeat (1 Sam. 28)
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Wounded by the Philistines; fell on his own sword so they wouldn't kill him; his sons were also killed at Mt. Gilboa; Philistines hung their bodies in Beth-Shean (1 Sam. 31)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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SCRIBES
סופרים – "To count"
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Some were called lawyers because they were experts on the Law of Moses; some served on the Great Sanhedrin
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Jesus often called out their hypocrisy for being "experts" on the law of Moses but not living it themselves
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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SEER Ω
הראה – "One Who Sees"
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A revelator and a prophet (Mosiah 8:16; 1 Sam. 9:9)
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Samuel called a seer (1 Sam. 9); also Amos, Gad II, Hanani, Iddo, and others (1 Chr. 21:9; 2 Chr. 12:15; 16:7)
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The Lord told Enoch to anoint eyes with clay to see; beheld things which weren't visible to the natural eye (Moses 6:35–38)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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SENNACHERIB ♦
סנחריב / 𒀭𒌍𒉽𒈨𒌍𒋢 – "Sîn Has Replaced the Brothers"
King of Assyria (Neo-Assyrian Empire)
≈ b.745 – d. 681 BC (reigned 705 – 681 BC)
Assyrian / Born in Nimrud / Died in Nineveh
Family Tree / Son of Sargon II /
Father of Esarhaddon
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Attacked the walled cities of Judea (2 Kgs. 18:13); Hezekiah of Judah paid him tribute money (2 Kgs. 18:14)
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Sent Tartan, Rabsaris, and Rabshakeh to besiege Jerusalem (2 Kgs. 18:17); Rabshakeh taunted Hezekiah and the Jews in Hebrew so they could understand; 185,000 of Sennacherib's soldiers were killed in one night after Hezekiah and Isaiah prayed for deliverance (2 Kgs. 18:27–19:35)
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Defeated Merodach-Baladan of Babylon
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Killed by his own sons Adrammelech (Arda-Mulissu) and Sharezer (Nabu-shar-usur) (2 Kgs. 19:37); a younger son, Esarhaddon, reigned after him
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SERAIAH ■
שריה – "Jehovah Retains"
≈ 600 BC
Israelite: Levite / From Jerusalem / Died in Riblah
Family Tree / Son of Azariah VI / Father of Jehozadak
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Put to death with other leaders by Nebuchadnezzar II in Riblah (2 Kgs. 25:18–21)
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SETH †
שת – "Appointed"
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Leaders
≈ 34 AD – Present
Famous people include Stephen and Philip III
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Grecians complained that their widows were neglected; the apostles chose seven men to help in the work (Acts 6)
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Sometimes called "Seven Deacons"
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
SEVEN LEADERS (DEACONS)
SEVENTY ELDERS
שבעים זקנים
Group of 70 leaders
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70 men called to serve the Kingdom of God throughout many dispensations, including: under Moses (Num. 11:16-30) the Great Sanhedrin, those appointed by Jesus, and the modern-day Quorum of the Seventy
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SHADRACH (HANANIAH)
שדרך – "Command of Aku"
Prince of Judah
≈ 605 BC
Israelite: Judahite / From Jerusalem / Taken to Babylon
Family Tree / Descendant of Judah royalty / Friend of Daniel, Meshach, and Abed-nego
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One of the young royals carried away to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. 1:3–4)
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Refused the king's meat and wine (Dan. 1:5–17)
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Thrown with friends in fiery furnace for not worshiping idol (Dan. 3)
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SHALLUM ♦
שלום – "Retribution"
≈ 752 BC (reigned for 1 month)
Israelite: Manassite: Gileadite
Family Tree / Son of Jabesh
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Killed Zachariah of Israel to become king (2 Kgs. 15:10)
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Reigned for only 1 month in Samaria (2 Kgs. 15:13)
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Killed by Menahem of Israel (2 Kgs. 15:14)
SHALLUM II ■
שלום – "Retribution"
High Priest (1 Chr. 6:12)
≈ 670 BC
Family Tree / Son of Zadok II /
Father of Hilkiah
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-6
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SHALMANESER V ♦
שלמנאסר / 𒁹𒀭𒁲𒈠𒉡𒊕 – ""Salmanu is Foremost"
King of Assyria (Neo-Assyrian Empire)
Family Tree / Son of Tiglath-Pileser III /
Brother of Sargon II / Father of some
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After a siege of Samaria for 3 years, conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel and carried the ten tribes captive to Assyria (2 Kgs. 17:3)
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SHAMGAR ○
שמגר – "Sword"
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Killed 600 Philistines with an oxgoad (Judg. 3:31)
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Wikipedia
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SHECHEM
שכם – "Shoulder"
Prince of Shechem
≈ 1650 BC
Canaanite: Hivite / From Shechem
Family Tree / Son of Hamor the Hivite
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SHEM (MELCHIZEDEK?) †Ω
שם – "Name"
≈ 2452 - 1842 BC
Family Tree / Son of Noah (Gen. 5:32) /
Father of Arphaxad, Elam, Ashur, Lud, & Aram /
Ancestor of Semitic peoples, including the Israelites-Hebrews, Arabs, Babylonians, Syrians, and Assyrians /
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One of eight saved on the ark (Gen. 6–9)
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Covered his father in his drunkenness; Noah prophesied that Canaan would be a servant of Shem and that Japheth would dwell in the tents of Shem (Gen. 9:21:27)
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Probably the same person as Melchizedek
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SHISHAK (SHOSHENQ) ♦
שישק / ššnq
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Solomon wanted to kill Jeroboam who fled to Egypt and Shishak (1 Kgs. 11:40)
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Attacked Rehoboam of Judah and Jerusalem; raided the Temple (2 Chr. 12:1–9)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary
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SIAMUN ♦
Egyptian
Family Tree / Husband of Tahpenes
Father of unnamed Daughter /
Possible father-in-law of Solomon
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Solomon made "affinity" with Pharaoh, assumed to be Siamun (1 Kgs. 3:1)
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Solomon married Pharaoh's daughter and built her a house (1 Kgs. 3:1; 7:8–12); burned Gezer and killed its inhabitants and gave it to his daughter
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Hadad the Edomite fled to him in Egypt and married the pharaoh's sister
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Wikipedia
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SIMEON (SHIMON)
שמעון – "He Who Hears"
SIMEONITES (TRIBE OF SIMEON)
שמעון – "He Who Hears"
≈ 1747 BC
Israelite: Simeonite / Born in Haran / Lived in Canaan / Died in Egypt
Family Tree / Second son of Jacob & Leah (Gen. 29:33) /
Ancestor of Simeonites
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Joined with Levi in killing the Shechemites to save their sister Dinah (Gen. 34:25); Jacob condemned them, called them "instruments of cruelty are in their habitations. O my soul, come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly, mine honour, be not thou united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged down a wall. Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel" (Gen. 49:5–7)
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Joseph imprisoned him when their brothers came to Egypt (Gen.42:24, 36; 43:23)
One of the Twelve Tribes
Israelite: Simeonite / Territory located within Judah's boundary and included Beersheba (see map); possible it was absorbed into Judah
Family Tree / Descendants of Simeon / Famous people include Zimri I & II
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Blessed by Jacob that "I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel" (Gen. 49:20) and their tribe was the only one not to receive a blessing by Moses" (Deu. 33)
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Unknown if it joined the Northern Kingdom of Israel or if it became "lost" because it was absorbed into Judah
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Many migrated to Judah under Asa's reign (2 Chr. 15:9)
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Josiah of Judah broke down their groves (2 Chr. 34:6)
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SIMON THASSI ■ ○
שמעון התסי – "He Who Hears"
SIMON THE ZEALOT Ω
שמעון / Σιμων – "He Who Hears"
High Priest & Ethnarch of Judea
≈ b.184 – d.135 BC (reigned 141 – 135 BC)
Israelite: Levite: Kohanim: Joiarib
Family Tree / Second son of Mattathias / Father of John Hyrcanus & others /
Ancestor of the Hasmonean Dynasty
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Negotiated with the Seleucids for political autonomy, marking the beginning of Jewish independence (1 Macc. 2:1 )
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Assassinated by his son-in-law, Ptolemy ben Abubus
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Wikipedia
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SOLOMON (JEDIDIAH) † ♦
שלמה – "Recompense" or "Peaceable"
Family Tree / Son of David & Bathsheba /Husband of 700 wives & 300 concubines (1 Kgs. 11:3) /
Father of Rehoboam & others
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Older half-brother Adonijah tried to seize the throne as David's health failed; Bathsheba and the prophet Nathan convinced David to intervene; Zadok anointed Solomon king at the Gihon Springs in the City of David (1 Kgs. 1)
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Loved the Lord at the beginning of his reign; Lord appeared to him in a dream; Solomon asked for wisdom; his wisdom exceeded all men; two women came claiming the same child; Solomon used his wisdom to discern the true mother (1 Kgs. 3)
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Built the first Temple for the Lord; used timbers from Hiram of Tyre; all the building materials were of the best quality; the Ark of the Covenant was put in the Holy of Holies; offered the dedicatory prayer; the Lord appeared to him again to accept the house; warned to be obedient to the commandments (1 Kgs. 5–9)
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He was wealthy and famous; the Queen of Sheba visited him (1 Kgs. 10)
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Married non-Israelites who led him into idolatry; the Lord was displeased (1 Kgs. 11:1–8)
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Put his servant Jeroboam over the house of Joseph but later wanted to kill him; Jeroboam fled to Egypt (1 Kgs. 11:26–40)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures / Bible Maps
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STEPHEN
סטפן / Στεφανος – "Corona"
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SYRIANS (ARAMEANS)
ארמים – "Elevated"
Tribe/group from Syria
Descendants of Aram son of Shem / Famous people include Ben-Hadad, Bethuel, Hazael, Laban, Naaman, and Rebekah
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Often warred with Israelites
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2 Sam. 8:5
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+ TAMAR †
תמר – "Palm Tree"
Matriarch
≈ 1720 BC
Married Judahites
Family Tree / Tradition states she was a descendant of Shem / Wife of Er & Onan /
Daughter-in-Law of Judah / Mother of Pharez & Zerah by Judah / Ancestors of Jesus (Matt. 1:3)
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After first two husbands (sons of Judah) died, she waited to marry Judah's third son; after time passed, she disguised herself as a harlot and became pregnant by her father-in-law; when Judah found out she was pregnant but unmarried, he planned her death; she brought the staff, seal, and cord he had given her to prove his paternity; Judah released her; she gave birth to twins Pharez and Zerah (Gen. 38)
+ TAMAR II
תמר – "Palm Tree"
Princess of Israel
≈ 978 BC
Israelite and Geshurite Aramean
Family Tree / Daughter of David & Maacah IV /
Sister of Absalom
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Half-brother Amnon desired her and raped her; Absalom felt David didn't fully punish him; Absalom eventually assassinated Amnon and rebelled against David (2 Sam. 13)
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TAHARQA (TIRHAKAH) ♦
תרהקה / 𒁹𒋻𒄣𒌑 – "Exalted"
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Defeated Assyria in 674 BC but later conquered by Esarhaddon of Assyria in 671 BC and forced to flee; family captured; power passed between the two empires until Ashurbanipal appointed Necho I as vassal ruler of Egypt
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TERAH †
תרח – "Wanderer"
≈ 2100 BC
Assyrian? / From Ur of Chaldees / Lived in Haran (Gen. 11:31)
Family Tree / Son of Nahor / Father of Haran, Nahor II, and Abraham
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Worshipped idols; tried to sacrifice Abraham to false gods; repented (Abr. 1)
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Left the Ur of Chaldees with sons and moved to Haran; died there (Gen. 11:31–32)
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Returned to idolatry (Abr. 2:5)
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THADDAEUS LEBBAEUS (JUDAS III) Ω
Θαδδαιος Λεββαιος – "Courageous Heart"
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Called as one of the original 12 apostles (Matt. 10:3)
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THOMAS DIDYMUS Ω
תאומא / Θωμας Διδυμος – "Twin"
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Called as one of the original 12 apostles (Matt. 10:3)
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Was willing do die with Jesus (John 11:16)
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Asked Jesus "how can we know the way?" to which Jesus famously said, "I am the way, the truth, and the life" (John 14:1–6)
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Doubted Jesus' resurrection until He thrust he felt the wounds (John 20:24–29)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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TIBERIUS CAESAR ♦
Τιβεριας – "Dark Lord"
≈ b. 42 BC – d. 37 AD (reigned 14 – 37 AD)
Family Tree / Son of Tiberius Claudius Nero / Adopted son of Augustus
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John the Baptist preaches in Tiberius' 15th year (Luke 3:1)
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TIBNI ♦
תבני – "My Building"
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After Zimri of Israel's suicide, half the people followed Tibni, half followed Omri; two sides fought for many years; Omrites prevailed and he died (1 Kings 16:21–22)
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Wikipedia
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TIGLATH-PILESER III (PUL) ♦
תגלת פלאסר / 𒆪𒋾𒀀𒂍𒈗𒊏 – "My Trust is in the Son of Ashur"
King of Assyria (Neo-Assyrian Empire)
≈ b. 795 – d. 727 BC (reigned 745 – 727 BC)
Family Tree / Son of Adad-nirari / Husband of Iaba / Father of Shalmaneser V & Sargon II
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Started capture and deportation of the northern 10 tribes
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Helped Ahaz of Judah against Pekah of Israel & Rezin of Syria
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary
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TIMOTHY
Τιμοθεος – "Honoring God"
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Paul called him his own "son in the faith"
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One of Paul's most trusted companions and is mentioned often
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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TITUS II
Τιτος
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Attended the Jerusalem Conference (Gal. 2:1)
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Paul wrote the Epistle of Titus to him (Titus 1:4)
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Delivered Paul's epistle to the Corinthians (2 Cor. 7)
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Accompanied Paul on his third missionary journey
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Preached in Dalmatia (2 Tim. 4:10)
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Tradition states he died on Crete as a bishop
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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TWELVE TRIBES OF ISRAEL (ISRAELITES) †
שנים עשר שבטי ישראל
12 Sons of Jacob & their descendants
Family Tree / Descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob-Israel / Tribes are Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph (Ephraim, Manasseh), Benjamin /
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They lived united from the time of Egypt until the division of Rehoboam and Jeroboam; became the Southern Kingdom of Judah (tribes of Judah and Benjamin) and the Northern Kingdom of Israel (other 10 tribes)
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Warned that they would be scattered among the nations (Lev. 26:33; Deu. 28:25; 1 Ne. 22:3–8); this began with the Assyrians in the 8th century BC; the Babylonians in the 6th century BC; the Ptolemies in the 3rd century BC; and finally the Romans in the 1st century AD
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Promised they would be gathered in the last days (Isa. 54:7; Ezek. 28:25; Eph. 1:10) which is being fulfilled with the Restoration of the Gospel (D&C 39:11)
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Wikipedia / Guide to Scriptures / Bible Maps
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URIAH (URIAS)
אוריה – "Jehovah is Light"
≈ 980 BC
Family Tree / First husband of Bathsheba (2 Sam. 11:3)
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Refused to leave when David tried to send him home to cover up Bathsheba's pregnancy; David sent him to the front lines where he was killed; Nathan condemned David for his murder
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Wikipedia
URIJAH (URIAH II) Ω
אוריה – "Jehovah is Light"
≈ 609 BC
Israelite / From Kirjath-jearim
Son of Shemaiah
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Prophesied of the destruction of Jerusalem; fled to Egypt to escape Jehoiakim's wrath; Jehoiakim found and killed him anyway (Jer. 26:20-23)
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Possible contemporary of Lehi mentioned by Nephi (1 Ne. 1:4)
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UZZIAH (AZARIAH III, OZIAS) † ♦
עזיה – "Strength of the Lord"
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Began reign at 16yo for 40 years (2 Kgs. 14:21)
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Fought the Philistines (2 Chr. 26:6)
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Had leprosy until his death (2 Kgs. 15:5)
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THE WISE MEN (MAGI)
μάγοι – "Wise Men"
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Followed the star to Bethlehem to worship Jesus
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Met with Herod in Jerusalem who claimed he wanted to worship the baby also (Matt. 2:1–8)
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Brought Jesus gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh; fell down and worshipped Him (Matt. 2:11)
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Warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they returned home (Matt. 2:12); in a rage, Herod killed all the babies of Bethlehem 2yo and under (Matt. 2:16–18)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary
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XERXES (AHASUERUS?) ♦
𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 – "Ruling Over Heroes"
King of Persia (Achaemenid Empire) and Egypt
≈ b. 518 – d. 465 BC (reigned Oct. 486 – Aug. 465 BC)
Persian / From Susa/Shushan and Persepolis
Family Tree / Son of Darius the Great and Atossa / Possible husband of Esther (see Ahasuerus) / Father of Artaxerxes I
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ZACHARIAH (ZECHARIAH II) ♦
זכריה – "Jehovah Remembers"
Family Tree / Son of Jeroboam II
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Wicked king (2 Kgs. 15:9)
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Killed by Shallum of Israel (2 Kgs. 15:10)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary-1
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ZACHARIAS II
זכריה / Ζαχαριας – "Jehovah Remembers"
Priest
≈ 3 BC
Israelite: Levite: Kohanim: Abijah / From the Judean Hill Country
Family Tree / Descendant of Eleazar and Abijah/Abia / Husband of Elisabeth / Father of John the Baptist
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Belonged to the Abijah/Abia division of Temple service (Luke 1:5)
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Angel appeared in temple and prophesied he would have a son; struck dumb for disbelief; restored to health once John was born (Luke 1)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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ZADOK ■
צדוק – "Righteous"
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High Priest during the reigns of David and Solomon
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Served at Gibeon and the Tabernacle
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Remained faithful to David during rebellion of Abiathar (1 Kgs. 1:8, 26) and took the Ark of the Covenant during Absalom's rebellion (2 Sam. 15:24–37)
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Anointed Solomon as king with Nathan at the Gihon Spring in the City of David (1 Kgs. 1:32–40)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary
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Merged with Nephites and Mosiah to form one people (Omni 1:14–18)
ZARAHEMLA ♦
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ZEALOTS (ZELOTES)
קנאים (kana'im) / Ζηλωτης – "Hot Head"
Famous people include Judas of Gamala and Simon the Zealot
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Hated the Romans and resisted any foreign power in Israel
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ZEBEDEE
זבדיה / Ζεβεδαιος – "Gift of Jehovah"
≈ 10 BC
Israelite: Levite? / From Galilee
Family Tree / Husband of Salome II / Father of James & John (Mark 1:19)
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Ran a fishing business on the Sea of Galilee; sons left to follow Jesus (Mark 1:19–20)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary
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ZEBULUN
זבלון – "Instance of Exaltation"
ZEBULUNITES (TRIBE OF ZEBULUN)
זבלון – "Instance of Exaltation"
≈ 1742 BC
Israelite: Zebulunite / Born in Haran / Lived in Canaan / Died in Egypt
Family Tree / Youngest son of Jacob & Leah (Gen. 30:20) / Ancestor of Zebulunites
One of the Twelve Tribes
Israelite: Zebulunite / Territory was located west of the Sea of Galilee and possibly included part of the Jezreel Valley (see map)
Family Tree / Descendants of Zebulun (Gen. 49:13) / Famous people include Elon II, Ibzan, and possibly Jonah
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Blessed by Jacob that they "shall dwell at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon" (Gen. 49:13) and by Moses to "Rejoice, Zebulun, in thy going out" (Deu. 33:18)
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Fought with Deborah II and Barak (Judg. 4)
- Helped Gideon defeat the Midianites (Judg. 6:35–8:21)
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Joined the Northern Kingdom of Israel
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Some worshipped at Hezekiah's Passover (2 Chr. 30:10–18)
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Majority carried away captive by Assyrians in 722 BC; one of the "Lost 10 tribes" (2 Kgs. 17)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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ZECHARIAH
זכריה – "Jehovah Remembers"
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Censured the people; Jehoash of Judah who ordered him stoned to death in the court of the Temple (2 Chr. 24:20–22)
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Mentioned by Jesus (Matt. 23:35)
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Wikipedia
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ZECHARIAH III (ZACHARIAS I) Ω
זכריה – "Jehovah Remembers"
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Author of the Book of Zechariah which has a series of visions of the future people of God and the Messiah's Coming (Zech. 1)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / GS
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ZEDEKIAH (MATTANYAHU) ♦
צדקיה – "Jehovah is Righteous"
≈ b. 618 – d. after 586 BC (reigned 597 – 586 BC)
Israelite: Judahite / From Jerusalem / Died in Babylon
Family Tree / Son of Josiah & Hamutal / Grandson of Jeremiah of Libnah (2 Kgs. 24:18) / Father of Mulek & others
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Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon removed Jeconiah as king; made Mattaniah king and changed his name to Zedekiah
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Began reign at 21yo and reigned 11 years (2 Kgs. 24:18)
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Many prophets prophesied during the first year of his reign to warn Jerusalem (1 Ne. 1:4)
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Jeremiah warned him and was imprisoned (Jer. 21; 32; 34; 37–39)
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Rebelled against Babylon (2 Kgs. 24:20); Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem until it was destroyed, including the Temple (2 Kgs. 24:20)
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Sons were killed before him (except Mulek; see Hel. 8:21) and they put out his eyes; taken captive to Babylon (2 Kgs. 25:7)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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ZENIFF ♦
King of Nephites
≈ 200 BC
Israelite: Nephite / From Zarahemla
Family Tree / Father of Noah II and others (Mosiah 11:1)
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Led group of Nephites back to the Land of Nephi and became their king (Mosiah 9)
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Covenanted with the King Laman to live in peace (Mosiah 9:6); Lamanites went back on covenant; he prevailed over them (Mosiah 10)
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Wikipedia / Guide to Scriptures
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ZEPHANIAH II Ω
צפניה – "The Lord Hides"
≈ 624 BC
Israelite: Judahite / From Jerusalem
Family Tree / Son of Cushi /
Descendant of Hezekiah
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Wrote the Book of Zephaniah
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ZERUBBABEL (SHESHBAZZAR) †○
זרבבל – "Born in Babylon"
Israelite: Judahite / Born in Babylon / Rebuilt Jerusalem
Family Tree / Son of Salathiel or Pedaiah / Grandson of Jeconiah / Father of Abiud, Rhesa, & others / Ancestor of Jesus (Matt. 1:12)
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After Cyrus of Persia's decree, appointed Governor (Ezra 1:8)
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Made altar in Jerusalem and rebuilt the Temple, often called the Second Temple or the Temple of Zerubbabel (Ezra 3–5)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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+ ZILPAH
זלפה – "A Drop"
Matriarch
≈ 1768 BC
Israelite / From Haran / Lived in Canaan
Family Tree / Handmaid of Leah / Wife-concubine of Jacob / Mother of Gad & Asher
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ZIMRI II ♦
זמרי – "Song of Jehovah"
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Commander of Elah of Israel (1 Kgs. 16:9)
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Murdered Elah and family at Tirzah
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Shortest reign for king of Israel of 7 days; killed himself in palace fire (1 Kgs. 16:18)
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People divided at his death; half chose Tibni, but army chose Omri as king over him (1 Kgs. 16:15–22)
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Wikipedia
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+ ZIPPORAH
צפרה – "Bird"
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Married Moses
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Circumcised her son (Ex. 4:25)
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Seemed to have stayed with father during Exodus until Jethro returned her to Moses (Ex. 18:2)
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Wikipedia / Bible Dictionary / Guide to Scriptures
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ZORAM
צורם – "High"
Servant of Laban II
≈ 600 BC
Israelite: Jewish / From Jerusalem
Family Tree / Ancestor of Zoramites (Jacob 1:13)
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Servant of Laban II (1 Ne. 4:20)
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Helped Nephi get the brass plates; was convinced to join the Nephites in exchange for his freedom (1 Ne. 4:31–38)
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Received blessing from Lehi that his seed would prosper (2 Ne. 1:30–32)
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Guide to Scriptures